Sunday, May 17, 2020
Online Shopping Vs. Store Shopping - 1489 Words
Online shopping vs in-store shopping Thesis: Online shopping is better than in-store one and will have more customers in the future. Since the internet came out and developed, online shopping has become important parts of many people. With the rapid development of the Internet in the world, more and more people began to start online shopping due to its convenience, time-saving and benefits. For the definition, Online shopping is an act of purchasing items or services on the Internet and has grown in popularity over years. Narrowly speaking, it can be understood as searching online information and having online deals. But broadly speaking, if one section of shopping is finished online, it will be regarded as online shopping. What you need to learn is just to click your mouse and to wait instead of going out by foot or driving. According to a recent survey, people in favor of online shopping are far more than those in favor of in-store shopping. Abramovich shows his survey for behavior of shopping that: ââ¬Å"Seventy-tw o percent of Millennials research and shop their options online before going to a store or the mall.â⬠(Abramovich) The fact that people choose online shopping more than in-store one also shows in the Percentage of GDP 2016. ââ¬Å"Experts estimate the share of the internet economy in the GDP of the United States to reach 5.4 percent. The developed market average is projected to be 5.5 percent.â⬠(ââ¬Å"Share of the internet economy in the gross domestic product in G-20Show MoreRelatedOnline Shopping vs. in Store Shopping3250 Words à |à 13 PagesIntroduction As they do offline, consumers shop online for both goal-oriented and experiential reasons; in short, they shop to acquire items, and they shop to shop. However, goal-oriented motives are more common among online shoppers than are experiential motives. Importantly, consumers report that shopping online results in a substantially increased sense of freedom and control as compared to offline shopping. Importantly, consumers report that shopping online results in a substantially increased senseRead More Shopping: Online vs. Store Essay748 Words à |à 3 Pagesways of shopping most people do not even think about the difference, they do both and not even realize it. In todays society people shop while at work, after work and on the weekends, whenever time permits. Stop and think how can I get more time in the day for family or just myself? The best way to figure that out with all the recourses we have is to go into a store and spend time looking through racks and waiting in endless lines to just purchase something. I compared going into a store verses onlineRead MoreOnline Shopping vs Traditional Shopping Essay792 Words à |à 4 PagesOnline Shopping Vs Traditional Shopping October 3, 2010 | Online Shopping Vs Traditional Shopping Online shopping is the process whereby consumers directly buy goods or services from a seller in real-time, without an intermediary service, over the Internet. According to Internet Retailer U.S., retail e-commerce spending increased to an estimated $66.9 billion in the first half of 2010, up 9.3% from $61.2 billion for the same period as year ago. Online shopping has become popular amongRead MoreOnline Shopping vs Brick and Mortar1459 Words à |à 6 PagesOnline Shopping VS Brick and Mortar Ann Gove COMM/155 December 10, 2011 Marianne Raley Online shopping VS Brick and Mortar Does the idea of shopping in Italy, France, or Japan at 3:00 am in your pajamas while snuggled up on the couch sound like a good idea? Then internet shopping is the way to go. As of the first twenty five days of the November- December 2011 Holiday season internet sales totaled 12.7 billion dollars, thatââ¬â¢s an increase of 15% since last year. Online shopping dominates theRead MoreOnline Shopping versus Traditional Retail Store639 Words à |à 3 PagesOnline Shopping vs. Traditional Retail Store One of the most debatable decisions for most Americans during the sale event or holiday is whether to shop or not to shop. Especially, when considering that some of the online shopping websites such as Amazon and eBay are established. To shop online or to shop in the store has become a more practical question. I used to be a traditional shopper, but I changed my mind sometime over years since I found that shopping online is much cheaper and more convenientRead MoreEssay on Online vs Brick and Mortar Shopping1029 Words à |à 5 PagesOnline vs. Brick-and-Mortar Shopping The Internet has changed the way we do virtually everything, including the way we shop. However, shopping is not the only thing that has changed. In the last decade we have changed the way, we apply for loans, study, and even plan a vacation. Doing any of these things would have been impossible a few decades ago. At present, online banking, paying bills, ordering new services, and shopping online have become part of our daily lives. Traditional brick-and-mortarRead MoreOnline vs. Offline Marketing Problem: Borders Bankruptcy Case707 Words à |à 3 PagesBorders announced that it was filing for bankruptcy, the case became a high profile example of the online versus offline marketing problem. Borders faced intense competition both offline (from Barnes Noble) and online (from Amazon). It had failed to establish an online presence, and its offline business was not strong enough to sustain the company. Indeed, from 2001 to 2008 Borders had outsourced its online sales to Amazon, effectiv ely handing many customers to its competitor (Lowrey, 2011). There wasRead MoreOnline Shopping Vs. Traditional Shopping851 Words à |à 4 PagesOnline shopping Online shopping is always beat way to shop .online shopping is easy way to find what you want, because it always in the stock, save you time ,.and you can save your money . Everything is available online now, but some things just do not make sense to purchase on the web. For example, if youââ¬â¢re in the market for new perfume or cologne, it makes a lot more sense to go to the store and smell the different options before purchasing your new scent. When purchasing a product onlineRead MoreConsumer Perceptions Towards E Grocery Market1396 Words à |à 6 Pagesfacilitates online transaction between business entities and consumer for various product and services. As market penetration of internet is rising which leads to the growth of e-grocery sector in India. Social media has impacted the growth of online consumers dynamically in Tier I cities. Some e-commerce players came up with the online grocery market concept but not able to sustain which reflects about the dynamic environment toward e-grocery. E-grocery allows consumers to purchase grocery online through
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Essay on Discussion over the Existence of God - 1249 Words
The discussion over the existence of God remains one of the finest pursuits of the human mind to break out of the world and surpass the practical or extraordinary realm of experience. Without a doubt, the question of Gods existence is one of the most significant questions of human philosophy. It alters the whole meaning of human life, and it challenges if man is really the Supreme Being in the universe or if man has a greater being that he must love and obey, or possibly defy. So the question is; does God exist? Look at the proof produced by the voraciously religious spirit of man, the origins of the universe, and morality. There are many different theories and opinions on how man came to be, evolution, space, Adam and Eve, Godâ⬠¦etc.â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦It is harder for me to conceive that God doesnââ¬â¢t exist because there is no other conceivable explanation for how all of the magnificent thinks here on Earth were created; there is no other logical explanation for how things so complex came to exist; as far as Iââ¬â¢m concerned. William Paley explains it best; ââ¬Å"But suppose I had found a watch upon the ground, and it should be inquired how the watch happened to be in that place, I should hardly think of the answer which I had before given,--that, for anything I know, the watch might have always been there. Yet why should not this answer serve for the watch as well as for the stone?...For this reason, and for no other, namely, that, when we come to inspect the watch we perceive - what we could not discover in the stone - that its several parts are famed put together for a purposeâ⬠¦ This mechanism being observed... the inference, we think, is inevitable, that the watch must have had a maker....who comprehended its construction, and designed its useâ⬠(Wolff, 2012, p. 315) Some would argue that evolution is the reason for everything and that we all evolved from a single cell that emerged from Earth. Okay then; why havenââ¬â ¢t we continued to evolve? If we started out as apes then why are there still apes here; what determines which apes will be Human? To me this sounds more far-fetched than there being a God. Some have wondered, if God made the universe, who or what made God?â⬠God, asShow MoreRelatedAn Exploratory Middle Ground Position Between Atheism And Theism1142 Words à |à 5 Pagescoined the term ââ¬Å"Possibilianismâ⬠. An exploratory middle ground position between atheism and theism. In this essay I argue that possibilianism as a new standpoint in the debate on the existence of God is irrelevant, as it holds the same ideological stance as agnosticism. In an article written by Eagleman titled ââ¬Å"Beyond God and atheism: Why I am a possibilianâ⬠he says that ââ¬Å"we know too little to commit to strict atheism, and too much to commit to any religionâ⬠(Eagleman, 2), this is the driving forceRead MoreAn Ontological Argument For The Existence Of God1430 Words à |à 6 Pages(1779), Hume has the character of Demea present an Ontological Argument for the existence of God. Demea attempts to argue that Godââ¬â¢s existence can be proven wholly a priori and logically, rather than through the a posteriori design argument. A priori arguments say that if the reasoning is valid then the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises, which Demea argues is the case when it comes to the existence of god. The following essay will discuss Demea s standing, Cleanthesââ¬â¢ responses and whatRead MoreGeorge Berkeleys Elaboration Of Idealism1572 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe most widely discussed ideologies in Western philosophy. Thi s discussion has come with some controversy; many individuals today view Berkeleyââ¬â¢s ideas as maverick due to the increasing acceptance of materialism due to developments in science and technology over the last century. Others might even view Berkeleyââ¬â¢s work as fundamentally wrong. For example, German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche would view Berkeleyââ¬â¢s argument for God as a way for moralists to try to control and stifle the ability ofRead MoreIs it Rational to Believe in God? Essays863 Words à |à 4 PagesWhether god exists or not has been in discussion for thousands of years, and an important discussion. Whether it is rational to believe in god or not is another story, like believing in god itself, this topic has brought many discussions. It is one thing to discuss whether god is real or not and it is a complete other to discuss whether it is rational to believe in god or not. I believe that while there may not be any convincing evidence or arguments that Go d does exist, I do still believe that itRead MoreThomas Draper s The Theist 1408 Words à |à 6 Pagestheist must come to a point of declaring one of two positions: 1) God is hidden and we must trust that we have guessed right, or 2) God has revealed Himself to us to the extent that we can know Him. The second statement seems to more closely align with Christianity and the idea that it includes an integration of faith and reason. Consider, now, the agnostic position, such as Draper holds. What would it take for Draper to believe in God? As he addresses arguments from apologetics and finds them inconclusiveRead MoreKant s Ethical Theory Of Abortion Essay1266 Words à |à 6 Pagesmoral application of Immanuel Kantââ¬â¢s philosophy, one of the greatest minds in the eighteenth centuries, to the enduring morality debate over abortion. Setting the discussion regarding the morality and immorality of abortion within the Kantian ethics framework provides one with a view that transition from the frequently inflammatory pro-choice and anti-abortion discussion points and towards a deep lucid, philosophical argument of such a controversial topic. Kantââ¬â¢s ethical theory regarding the immoralityRead MoreReflection Paper On Philosophy730 Words à |à 3 PagesOver these past semester of college, my optimism regarding philosophy and taking a philosophy course has drastically grown. I have always been enthusiastic towards philosophy and willing to take the course; however, it never really occurred to me how influential philosophy actually is. As a result of taking a philosophy class, I have had a plethora of epiphanies and realizations about myself and have had the opportunity to develop my own opinions and philosophical beliefs. In this paper I am goingRead MoreUsing Proofs to Establish a Case for Gods Existence: McCloskey1374 Words à |à 6 Pagesestablish a case for Gods existence I would first agree with McCloskey that we should not use ââ¬Å"proofsâ⬠for Gods existence since ââ¬Å"proofsâ⬠cannot be a 100% proof of Gods existence. But there are two arguments that can help explain the existence of God. T he first is the best explanation approach which is the best explanation for the things we witness. Another classical argument is cumulative case approach, in this approach we use more than one argument to make a case for Gods existence. Both of theseRead MoreThe Existence Of God And The Battle Between Good And Evil1386 Words à |à 6 PagesThe existence of God and the battle between good and evil has been a topic of much discussion for centuries. Through the philosophical scope, there is a ââ¬Å"Problem of Evilâ⬠that challenges the existence an all-powerful God if there is evil in the world. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, was a German philosopher who argued about the topic of the problem of evil. Leibniz argued that (1) evil is not necessary; (2) that there is evil in the world because as humans we are restricted in our knowledge since we areRead MoreThe Absolute Paradox For Kierkegaard Essay1609 Words à |à 7 Pagesnot have an advantage over later followers? In chapter 3 of Philosophical Fragments, Kierkegaard begins his discussion on the ââ¬Å"Absolute Paradoxâ⬠by revealing paradox as ââ¬Å"the passion of thought.â⬠Kierkegaard claims that humans desperately want to discover something they are unable to contemplate and are, thus, only leading themselves toward the downfall of all thought. We are unable to contemplate the ââ¬Å"unknownâ⬠, and the unknownââ¬â according to Kierkegaardââ¬âis essentially God. Humans are foolish in
Leadership and Governance Study of Patagonia â⬠Free Samples
Question: Discuss about the Leadership and Governance-A Case Study of Patagonia. Answer: The Importance of Values for Todays Organisations Values are beliefs that a certain way of behaving is preferred. They represent a framework of how things are done in an organization. Organizations, which are successful, place emphasis on values. Values provide assistance to organizations in various ways (Bourne Jenkins, 2013). Values provide a framework for how we treat one another at work- Values provide employees with a direction of how they treat one another at the workplace. The organizations leaders should assist employees in upholding values at the workplace. Values should influence employees to behave ethically. In the workplace, ethical issues usually emanate from quality, safety, property and human relationships. It is the duty of managers to make an understanding of these issues and to instill moral ideals into employees (Cohen, 2015). There are three levels of morality that employees may conform to. Preconventional morality is when one is aware of the cultural implications of right and wrong behavior. In an organization , therefore, an employee will be aware of the effects of following or not following organizational values. Conventional morality is characterized by the compliance of a group of people and their loyalty to authority. In an organization, this is how a team conforms to certain values and has allegiance to their leaders. Post-conventional authority is characterized by an individual being concerned about right or wrong behavior and puts this above their self-interest. This can be applied in organizations when employees consider doing right and wrong as being more key than their self-interest. Values provide a framework for how an organization treats its customers. Customers will be given stellar service if a company has values that focus on customer service. This is key for organizational success. Having good customer service is important as customers spend lots of money per year just to buy products or services. Good customer service can set an organization apart from its competitors and leads to repeat business. Organizations that have good customer values also benefit from free publicity. The values that make up an organization reflect the beliefs of the leaders. When there is no alignment of values of the company and the employees personal values the final result will be poor performance. An organization with good values will be reflected in enlightened leadership. These kinds of leaders see their employees as the greatest organizational asset and have great confidence in their teams. They have power and employees greatly respect them. They also ensure that there is a good flow of communication throughout the organization. In such organizations, the employees understand the high-performance goals that have been set for them by their leaders and are willing to achieve them. They are also very open and discuss their problems with their leaders. The employees are allowed to participate in decision-making hence leading to high motivation, and there is also high loyalty. Through values, leaders are able to build communities in the workplace. This can be done by applying c ooperation in dealing with colleagues. Building a community will ensure that internal communication flows freely, leads to respect among people and roles, responsibilities and decision-making are conducive. An organization with good values embraces diversity. This is very important for a workplace as employees come from diverse backgrounds. International companies must ensure that they understand cultures of where they are operating (Manning Curtis, 2015).To embrace diversity, top leaders must be involved and emphasize on equal employment opportunities. Decisions on promotions and performancemanagement must also reflect diversity. The organization's values should also reflect how diverse an organization is. This will lead to better decision-making and even giving service to diverse customers. An organization with strong values leads to teamwork. Teamwork that is positive allows employees to choose what they do and leaders are good examples to their members. In successful teams, members have roles like encouragers, clarifiers, harmonizers, idea-generators, standard setters, ignition keys and detail specialists. The teamwork approach leads to organizational success, and it is being embraced more and more. Leaders are putting members into groups to work on certain projects like strategic planning, work issues, and technology issues (Jalal, 2017). Leaders should instill teamwork as a virtue and create high performing teams including virtual teams. Alignment of values leads to strong brands. The organizations, which have the strongest brands, have the strongest internal cultures. A brand performs strongly if there is a sense of recognition between its employees and customers. Customers like to identify with organizations with strong brands. Such organizations also have strong logos, which represent reliability, high quality, and trust. Consumers also associate strong brands as being contributors to their ways of living (Jalal, 2017). A strong brand also represents the fact that they can go beyond their core business and dedicate themselves to consumers. How a companys values can play an important role in attracting and retaining top employees Organizations have to ensure that they have strong values so as to attract the right kind of employees. Employees are nowadays compared to customers; companies need to consider them as volunteers and not workers. Technologies have shifted, and it has led to growth in social media. Transparency about workplaces has been increased due to this, and potential employees are able to get information about companies before they even go for an interview or apply for a position. Sites like glass door and linked in provide plenty of information about an organizations culture and values (Breaugh, 2017). Organizations with top company cultures are highlighted, and this enables them to attract and retain more employees. Organizations like Forbes recognize companies with top cultures every year. Work environments have changed over the years and have become quite complex. Employees are putting in more hours in work and are also connected to their jobs through latest technologies. Teams are greatly d iverse and issues like being flexible, empowered, developed, and mobile is playing a huge role in company culture. In the case study of Patagonia, we see that the organization takes time in hiring employees with the right skills. They employee people who have a passion for caring for the environment. This is due to the fact that the company practices sustainability and comes up with environmentally friendly apparel. What motivates employees has also changed as most of them focus on their purpose, mission and work-life balance. Very many factors lead to employee engagement including working environment, organizational leadership, and job design. Many employees are motivated by the passion for their work hence leaders must strive to create conducive and enjoyable working environments. The employees at Patagonia focus on work, family, and health, rather than work and status. The leaders have created a conducive working environment and employees can schedule their work to fit their lifestyle. Organizations, which have high employee engagement, are able to hire more easily, give better customer service, have low turnover rates and grow at a quick rate. Patagonia receives about 900 resumes for every vacancy. The organization has created a good name hence many people want to be employed by them. Employees are highly engaged, and Patagonias turnover rate is only 4% per annum. An organization with a high retention culture has a well-defined direction and purpose. The employees of such organizations have individual goals, which are aligned to the organizational strategy. This leads to the attraction of the right skills by the company and retention of the same. Employees at Patagonia are fully aware of roles and responsibilities. Their goals are aligned to those of the organization, and the organization's leaders have developed an honest approach to doing everything. Organizations that retain employees have flexibility in schedules of work and have numerous benefits for their employees. Employees usually stick to employers that guarantee flexibility and enable work-life balance. Patagonias employees are allowed to schedule their work as fits them best. Communication happens in an open manner when the organization instills good values. Employees want to work in places where they are free to express themselves and the ideas that they have. Communication should be open both upwards and downwards. Good communication also leads to great teamwork and allows constructive criticism to take place. This leads to attraction and retention of the right employees as no one wants to work where they are unable to air out their views. At Patagonia, there is open communication hence creating openness. Employees are therefore able to share ideas freely, and leaders can correct employees without them feeling that they are being harassed. A high retention culture leads to effective performance appraisals. Performance issues in a company can lead to very high turnover rates. Organizations that perform appraisals unfairly or to the dissatisfaction of employees have disgruntled staff and leads to performance going down. An organization that creates effective performance appraisals leads to high employee retention as they get a sense of belonging and this leads to higher productivity (Pinder, 2014). Employees can also be attracted and retained by issuing competitive wages. A high retention culture organization values its employees enough to pay them well and offer adequate benefits and perks. Employees are attracted and retained by such companies, as they feel appreciated. Patagonia has come up with a child development center for its employees hence they feel safe knowing that their children are being taken care of well as they work. Training and development of employees are important for a high retention organization. This enables employees to be constantly updated and develop their skills. Employees feel like they are in control of their jobs. It also ensures that employees are happy as they feel that the organization cares enough about their careers to continuously train and develop them (Mowday, Porter, Steers, 2013). Patagonia organizes 60-day internships for its employees at environmental organizations. Employees who want to become activists after this are free to leave. Employees are highly skilled as the organization takes time on orientation. Deepen the provided case study on Patagonia with extra research on the company and company leadership Patagonia has had great leadership since its inception in 1957 when the founder was selling climbing equipment out of his car. The company deals with climbing equipment and apparel and has been able to make annual revenues of over $400 million (Manning Curtis, 2015). They are leading in environmental efforts and are known for being unique in their processes and getting the best out of their employees. They have for many years been market leaders in their industry and have an unmatched retention rate of employees. Due to great leadership, they have a 4% annual turnover rate. The company greatly focuses on environmental and social matters and has an honest approach towards their customers. The culture of asking customers whether they need to purchase certain apparel has led to loyalty creation for both customers and employees. They hire employees who have a passion for environmental issues, and after one year, they offer them sixty-day internships in environmental companies (Manning Curtis, 2015). The company has created a culture of trust and employees allowed to come up with their schedules of work hence leading to flexibility. Employees at Patagonia are driven by work, health and family and the organization have come up with a child development center where employees can leave their kids while at work. This has enabled employees to have a healthy balance between work and life. The company has an innovative culture as it comes up with environmentally friendly apparel (Manning Curtis, 2015). Due to great and unique leadership, the company has been named one of the best organizations to work for by Fortune. According to themanagement at Patagonia, a leader is a person with vision and motivated employees towards a common goal. The leaders at the company initiate change and take risks. The company has for the longest time focused on sustainable apparel and is now divesting to agriculture. Through great leadership, the company has been able to move into another line of business successfully. At Patagonia, they believe that a leader can come from any level (Petrie, 2016). This means that they believe in their employees and nurture them into leadership. Employees are also expected to speak up and challenge leadership if they feel that there are issues that they need to raise. The company has a flat organizational structure. The leadership describes it as a network of people. The top leaders like the CEO can communicate directly to an employee in an entry-level role. There are no reporting relationships or hierarchies, as they believe that the best ideas come from employees. They believe in having the right person doing the work and that people do not need to report to too many managers as long as they are doing their role. The Patagonia leaders choose the managers and employees with the right skills and then set a vision. The vision is discussed with the team, and the leader lets the manager leads the way in guiding the team to achieve the vision by letting them do their work. Managers are considered as mentors and resources that give the employees coaching and direction and ensure that employee work is aligned to organizational strategies (Petrie, 2016). Managers also ensure that resources are allocated adequately. Managers ensure that employees know their roles and responsibilities and then let them work independently. A culture of independence is cultivated. Hence, employees work with minimum supervision. The leaders at Patagonia come up with the main organizational vision and then guide the team into reaching it by putting particular timeframes. They then leave employees to perform their roles and make smaller decisions required to achieve organizational goals. The company has a culture of flexible job scheduling so long as employees perform. They allow employees to have healthy work-life balance and focus on hiring independent people who love outdoors and care for the environment. The company no longer has annual performance ratings; hence, managers act as coaches and resource allocators rather than judges. No meetings are scheduled over lunch hour so to allow employees to do their [personal activities. Paternity leaves are also in place, and virtual working is allowed. Hiring is a key procedure at Patagonia. The leaders take their time to find the right people for the job and vacancies can remain unfilled for up to one year. Orientation and onboarding are done over a period of one hour so as to ensure new employees integrate into the organization's culture whose motto is 'Let my people go surfing.' Due to its unique culture, the company had experienced double-digit growth even when other industry players were not growing (Petrie, 2016). Employees are highly engaged, and retention rate is high. They have a long list of potential employees who would like to be employed by the organization. Explain what values are important at Patagonia, how they are used to try and attract a certain type of employee, and whether or not this is successful Various values are important at Patagonia. The first one is focused on environmental and social issues. The company's major focus is on sustainability, and they make environmental friendly apparel. They also hire employees who have a passion for the environment and contribute 1% of sales for environmental activities (Manning Curtis, 2015). There is also environmental internship for all new recruits. This has been a successful strategy for the organization as they attract employees who understand them and who align themselves with the organization's environmental values. Another value at Patagonia is honesty. The companys leaders are honest to customers and employees, and this has brought about loyalty (Manning Curtis, 2015). Customer loyalty has led to a successful organization. The company has been able to attract and retain employees who are honest due to the brand that has been created. Patagonia also focuses on flexibility. The company cares about its employees work and life balance hence has been able to allow them to create their working schedules so long as work is completed as required (Manning Curtis, 2015). They have even put up a child development center for their employees. This has enabled the company to attract independent workers who need very minimal supervision. Innovation Culture is a key part of Patagonia. The company constantly comes up with environmentally friendly products, and this is a reflection of its leadership and employees. The organization allows employees to be creative (Manning Curtis, 2015). They have been able to attract the most skilled employees due to this value. References Bourne, H., Jenkins, M. (2013). Organizational values: A dynamic perspective.Organization Studies,34(4), 495-514. Breaugh, J. A. (2017). The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of the Psychology of Recruitment, Selection and Employee Retention, 12. Cohen, A. (2015). Culture, Values, and Organizational Fairness. InFairness in the Workplace(pp. 191-215). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Jalal, A. (2017). Impacts of Organizational Culture on Leaderships Decision-Making.Journal of Advances inManagement Sciences Information Systems,3, 1-8. Manning, G., Curtis, K. (2015).The art of leadership. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Mowday, R. T., Porter, L. W., Steers, R. M. (2013).EmployeeOrganization linkages: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover. Academic Press. Mueller, K., Straatmann, T. (2014). Organizational values. InEncyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research(pp. 4525-4531). Springer Netherlands. Petrie, K. (2016).Patagonia Inc.s Sustainable Supply Chain Initiatives and Their Contribution to Company Brand(Doctoral dissertation). Pinder, C. C. (2014).Work motivation in organizational behavior. Psychology Press.
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